Current Affair Category: Science & Technology

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Richard Robson (Australia), Susumu Kitagawa (Japan), and Omar Yaghi (Jordan/USA) for their pioneering work in developing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)—a class of porous material with novel applications in chemistry and materials science. The three scientists will share the prize of 11 million Swedish kronor (approximately1 crore) […]

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are highly porous, crystalline materials made of metal ions linked by organic molecules, forming a vast, three-dimensional network with large surface areas. Key Characteristics of MOFs: Porous Structure: They feature a network of interconnected nanopores and channels that contribute to their high surface area. Modular Design: MOFs are synthesized by combining metal […]

IPEX syndrome (Immune dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy, X-linked) is a rare, inherited autoimmune disorder caused by mutations in the FOXP3 gene, which leads to dysfunctional regulatory T cells. The condition, which primarily affects males, results in the immune system attacking the body’s own tissues and organs, causing severe enteropathy (intestinal issues), endocrinopathy (hormone problems), and dermatitis. […]

Bharat SMR Project: Why in  News? Reliance Industries Ltd., Tata Power, Adani Power, JSW Energy, and Jindal Steel & Power have expressed interest in the Bharat Small Modular Reactors (SMR) programme. • The programme is being developed by Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCIL) under supervision of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). • […]

Polymetallic Sulphides (PMS): ISA Why in News? India has signed a landmark contract with the International Seabed Authority (ISA) for exclusive rights to explore Polymetallic Sulphides (PMS) in the Carlsberg Ridge region of the Indian Ocean. With this, India becomes the first country in the world to hold two ISA contracts for PMS exploration. India […]

What is Super Typhoon Ragasa? Super Typhoon Ragasa hit Hong Kong and northern Philippines with sustained winds of 280 kmph, making it the most intense tropical cyclone recorded in 2025. • The typhoon caused heavy rain, significant storm surge, and coastal waters rising more than 1.5 meters in some areas. Formation of Tropical Cyclones: Tropical […]

Joint Military Exercise ‘Cold Start’ The Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force are set to conduct a major joint military exercise named “Cold Start” in the first week of October 2025. This exercise will primarily focus on testing drones and counter-drone systems to enhance India’s air defense capabilities in the face of evolving aerial threats, […]

What are Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)? India is exploring a strategic shift toward Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) to power the booming AI data centre sector, which has seen a massive energy demand. As per the news reported on September 22, 2025, the Centre is encouraging an SMR-led nuclear push to meet the clean energy needs […]

On September 5, 2025, JUPITER, Europe’s first exascale supercomputer, was launched in Germany, powered entirely by renewable energy. In India, the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) continues to advance, with AIRAWAT-PSAI currently ranked among the top 100 supercomputers worldwide. What is a Supercomputer? A supercomputer is a high-performance computing system designed to perform extremely complex calculations […]

GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) The World Health Organization (WHO), during its 25th meeting of the Expert Committee on Essential Medicines (held from May 5–9, 2025), added four GLP-1 receptor agonist drugs — semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide — to its Model List of Essential Medicines (EML). This inclusion aims to increase global access to effective diabetes […]