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With reference to the Indian economy and foreign exchange regulations, consider the following statements regarding the ‘Net Open Position’ (NOP) in Indian Rupees:

1. The Net Open Position reflects the total unhedged exposure of a bank to foreign exchange risk across all currencies.

2. An increase in the NOP limit for banks generally leads to higher volatility in the domestic currency during periods of global economic stress.

3. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) utilizes NOP limits as a macro-prudential tool to prevent speculative attacks on the Indian Rupee (INR).

Which of the statements given above are correct?

In the context of India’s first Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) Framework, consider the following:

1. It is being developed as part of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and Norway under the Indo-Norway Integrated Ocean Initiative.

2. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is the lead nodal agency for the implementation of MSP in India.

3. Puducherry and Lakshadweep have been chosen as the primary sites for the pilot MSP projects.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the International Seabed Authority (ISA), consider the following statements:

1. The ISA has the mandate to organize, regulate, and control all mineral-related activities in the international seabed area for the benefit of mankind as a whole.

2. India is the first country in the world to be granted “Prime Exploratory” status for polymetallic nodules in the Central Indian Ocean Basin.

3. Exploration contracts granted by the ISA are valid for a period of 15 years and can be extended for 5-year periods.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification 2019, consider the following statements:

1. In CRZ-II (Urban) areas, the Floor Space Index (FSI) remains frozen at 1991 levels to ensure coastal structural stability.

2. The No Development Zone (NDZ) for densely populated rural areas (CRZ-III A) has been reduced from 200 meters to 50 meters from the High Tide Line.

3. For all islands in India, the NDZ is strictly maintained at 20 meters to protect against sea-level rise.

4. Temporary tourism facilities, such as shacks and toilets, are now permitted even within the NDZ of CRZ-III areas.

Which of the statements given above are correct?