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With reference to the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) of the Indian Parliament, consider the following statements:

1. It is the oldest parliamentary committee, functioning under the oversight of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), who acts as its guide, friend, and philosopher.

2. Its total membership of 22 is drawn exclusively from the Lok Sabha, with no representation given to the Rajya Sabha.

3. By a well-established convention originating in the late 1960s, the chairperson of the committee is invariably chosen from members of the ruling party.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968, consider the following statements:

1. A motion seeking the removal of a Supreme Court judge can be admitted only if it is signed by at least 100 members of the Lok Sabha or 50 members of the Rajya Sabha.

2. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha or the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is legally bound to admit every removal motion submitted by the required minimum number of members without discretionary rejection.

3. Once a removal motion is admitted, the presiding officer constitutes a three-member committee comprising a Supreme Court judge, a Chief Justice of a High Court, and a distinguished jurist to investigate the charges.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the legislative procedure and constitutional implications under Article 3 and Article 4 of the Indian Constitution:

1. Laws enacted under Article 3 to alter boundaries or names of states are passed by a simple majority and are explicitly declared not to be amendments of the Constitution under Article 368.

2. The power of Parliament to ‘diminish the area of any State’ under Article 3 includes the power to cede Indian territory to a foreign country without requiring a constitutional amendment.

3. The President or Parliament is not bound to accept or act upon the views expressed by the State Legislature regarding the reorganization bill.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the chemical properties and vehicular compatibility of Ethanol-Blended Petrol (E20), consider the following statements:

1. Ethanol possesses a significantly higher octane rating compared to regular unleaded gasoline, which enhances the anti-knock quality of high-compression engines.

2. Because ethanol is an oxygenated fuel, its combustion produces higher tailpipe emissions of unburnt hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide relative to pure fossil petrol.

3. Ordinary vehicles manufactured without specialized fuel-system modifications can seamlessly and safely operate on high-blend E20 or E100 fuels without risking internal rubber corrosion or fuel-line degradation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?