Daily The Hindu/ Article Gist : 15 Sep 2025

Why in News:
The digital arrest scam has emerged as a major cybercrime threat in India, with fraudsters posing as officials from agencies like the CBI, Enforcement Directorate, Customs, and telecom regulators. Victims are trapped in long video calls, threatened with legal action, and coerced into transferring huge sums of money. Despite new measures and awareness drives by the Ministry of Home Affairs and the RBI, citizens continue to fall prey, revealing gaps in India’s digital security systems.

• Key Points:
  This scam has caused massive financial losses, with over Rs 2,500 crore siphoned off in the last two years.
• The fraudsters target educated and urban individuals, not just the digitally unaware.
• In several cases, bank employees have been found aiding criminals by creating mule accounts using forged documents. Recovery of stolen money is nearly impossible due to rapid fund transfers through multiple fake accounts.
• Challenges:
  Fear and psychological intimidation overpower awareness campaigns, causing victims to comply with scammers’ demands even when they are aware of fraud risks.
• Existing detection mechanisms in banks are often bypassed, especially when fake IDs and forged documents are involved. Many victims remain silent due to embarrassment or fear, leading to severe underreporting of cases.
• Coordination between banks, telecom companies, and law enforcement remains slow, allowing scammers to exploit loopholes.
• Steps Taken:
  The Ministry of Home Affairs has declared the scam a national threat and set up a high-level committee through its I4C unit to investigate cyber fraud.
• Thousands of WhatsApp and VoIP accounts linked to fraudsters have been blocked. RBI has directed all banks to integrate the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator and is developing a Digital Payment Intelligence Platform to track fraud in real-time. Banks have launched 24×7 monitoring systems, public awareness campaigns, SMS alerts, and customer support for victims.

Way Forward:
Banks need stricter KYC processes with biometric and Aadhaar verification to block mule accounts. Real-time sharing of a suspected accounts database across banks and NPCI can help stop fraudulent transactions mid-route.

A short “cool-off” window before clearing flagged transactions, video verification for high-value transfers, and stronger coordination between RBI, TRAI, police, and telecom operators are essential. Enhanced public reporting systems and rapid-response mechanisms will be key to regaining trust and combating this growing cyber threat.

Article Based Mains Questions : UPSC/PCS/250/200 words 

“Digital arrest scams” are emerging as a serious threat to India’s digital economy and citizens’ security. Analyze the modus operandi of such cybercrimes and evaluate the effectiveness of measures taken by the government and financial institutions. Suggest a coordinated strategy to tackle this menace effectively.