September 30, 2025
Daily Current Affairs for UPSC : 30 Sep 2025/South-South & Triangular Cooperation (SSTC)
Why in News? UN Day for South-South & Triangular Cooperation (12 September) marks the 1978 Buenos Aires Plan of Action (BAPA) anniversary.
- BAPA laid the foundation for technical cooperation among developing nations.
- Theme for 2025: “New Opportunities and Innovation through SSTC”.
Key Features of SSTC
- Based on solidarity, mutual respect & shared learning.
- Complementary to traditional aid, especially in context of:
- Geopolitical conflicts
- Climate change
- Rising inequalities
- Offers cost-effectiveness, replicability, contextual relevance.
India’s Role & Philosophy:
- Guided by Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (World is One Family).
- Major Contributions:
- Voice of Global South Summits.
- G-20 Presidency → Permanent membership of African Union.
- Development Partnership Administration & ITEC Programme → Capacity building in 160+ nations.
- India-UN Development Partnership Fund → 75+ projects across 56 developing countries.
- Promotion of Digital Public Infrastructure (Aadhaar, UPI, Co-WIN).
- India–WFP Partnership:
- Over 6 decades → pilot projects later scaled globally.
- Innovations: Annapurti (Grain ATM), women-led Take-Home Ration programme, rice fortification, supply chain optimisation.
- Helped India achieve food surplus & stronger PDS → replicable for other developing nations.
Redefining Partnerships:
- Triangular Cooperation:
- Links developing nations with traditional & emerging donors.
- Amplifies good practices, mobilises resources, fosters accountability.
- Must include civil society, private sector & communities → people-centred development.
- UN Fund for South-South Cooperation:
- Contributions from 47 governments → projects in 70+ countries, 155 nations benefited.
Recent Developments:
- India-UNDP Fund (2017 onwards) → 75 transformative projects.
- 2024: WFP mobilised $10.9 million for SSTC projects (SDG-2: Zero Hunger).
- Examples:
- Rice fortification & supply chain optimisation in Nepal.
- Development fund project in Lao PDR.
Significance & Way Forward:
- Requirements:
- Strong institutions.
- Adequate financing.
- Courage to innovate.
- Knowledge-sharing platforms & accountability mechanisms.
- India’s Leadership:
- Enhancing cooperation in food security, nutrition & resilience.
- Pioneering South-led innovations with global replication potential.
About Buenos Aires Plan of Action (BAPA), 1978:· It was Adopted at the United Nations Conference on Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC) held in Buenos Aires, Argentina (1978). · Considered a landmark framework for South-South Cooperation (SSC). Key Objectives:Promote Technical Cooperation: · Encourage developing countries to share knowledge, skills, resources, and best practices. Strengthen Collective Self-Reliance: · Reduce dependence on traditional North-South aid. · Build indigenous capabilities. Solidarity & Mutual Benefit: · Cooperation based on equality, respect for sovereignty, and non-conditionality. Institutional Support: · Recommended setting up national and international mechanisms to support SSC. |
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