July 7, 2025
Why in News ? The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) has issued a five-year operational licence to the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCIL) on July 3, 2025, for two indigenously developed 700 MWe Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) at the Kakrapar Atomic Power Station (KAPS) in Gujarat.
Relevance : UPSC Pre & Mains
Prelims : AERB/PHWRs
Mains : GS 2/GS 3
The licence issuance is significant because:
About the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB):· The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), established on November 15, 1983, under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962, is India’s nuclear regulatory authority headquartered in Mumbai. It ensures the safe use of ionizing radiation and nuclear energy to protect human health and the environment. Ministry Affiliation: · The AERB functions under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), which is directly overseen by the Prime Minister of India. Although it reports to the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), concerns have been raised about its independence, as the DAE also controls nuclear power operations via NPCIL. |
Board Composition:
The AERB comprises:
Chairman:
Mandate and Functions:
AERB regulates nuclear safety under the Atomic Energy Act (1962), Environment Protection Act (1986), and Factories Act (1948). Its key responsibilities include:
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