April 23, 2025
Why in News? The serene Baisaran Valley in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, often called “mini Switzerland” for its scenic meadows, was devastated by a terrorist attack that killed 26 people, including tourists, a Navy officer, and foreign nationals.
The Resistance Front (TRF), a proxy of Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), claimed responsibility. This article explores TRF’s origins, operations, and motives behind the Pahalgam attack.
About The Resistance Front (TRF):
It is a militant organization active in Jammu and Kashmir, designated as a terrorist group by India. Below is a concise overview of its history, objectives, active regions, and related groups, based on available information and critical analysis.
History:
Formation: TRF emerged in October 2019, following India’s abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019, which revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir.
Origins: Widely regarded as an offshoot of Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), a Pakistan-based jihadist group, TRF was allegedly formed with support from Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) to rebrand militancy in Kashmir. It incorporates cadres from LeT, Hizbul Mujahideen (HM), and other groups like Tehreek-e-Millat Islamia and Ghaznavi Hind.
Purpose of Rebranding: The creation of TRF is linked to Pakistan’s need to deflect international scrutiny, particularly from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), which had placed Pakistan on its grey list for terror financing. By presenting TRF as a “secular” and “indigenous” movement, Pakistan aimed to mask its support for groups like LeT.
Key Milestones:
April 2020: Gained prominence after a four-day gun battle in Kupwara’s Keran Sector near the Line of Control (LoC), killing five Indian paracommandos and five TRF militants.
2020-2022: TRF claimed responsibility for numerous attacks, targeting civilians (including Kashmiri Pandits, Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslims), security forces, and political figures.
January 2023: India banned TRF under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), designating its commander, Sheikh Sajjad Gul, as a terrorist.
2024-2025: Notable attacks include the October 2024 Ganderbal attack (killing a doctor and six migrant workers) and the April 2025 Pahalgam attack (killing 26 tourists).
Objectives:
Public Narrative: TRF portrays itself as an indigenous Kashmiri resistance movement fighting for “freedom” from Indian control, opposing India’s integration efforts post-Article 370 abrogation. It uses non-religious symbolism and rhetoric to project a secular image.
Actual Goals: Indian authorities and analysts assert TRF’s primary aim is to sustain insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir through targeted violence, psychological operations, and propaganda.
Its attacks focus on:
Propaganda: TRF uses social media (e.g., Twitter, Telegram) to claim attacks, issue threats, and recruit youth, often justifying violence as “resistance” against Indian policies.
Active Regions:
Primary Area: Jammu and Kashmir, particularly the Kashmir Valley and Jammu region. Key districts include:
Anantnag: Site of attacks like the 2023 gunfight killing security personnel.
Kupwara: Notable for the 2020 Keran Sector clash.
Pulwama: Targeted killings, e.g., Kashmiri Pandit Sanjay Sharma in 2023.
Ganderbal: 2024 attack on a construction site.
Pahalgam: 2025 tourist attack.
Reasi: 2024 bus attack on pilgrims.
Sopore and Srinagar: Recruitment and attacks on civilians and police.
Cross-Border Operations: TRF is accused of coordinating infiltration, weapons smuggling, and narcotics trafficking across the Line of Control from Pakistan.
Online Presence: Maintains propaganda channels traced to Pakistan, particularly Karachi.
Baisaran Valley: Known as “Mini Switzerland,” Baisaran Valley is famous for its lush green meadows, pine forests, and stunning views of snow-capped mountains. It is located near Pahalgam and is a popular spot for trekking, picnicking, and horseback riding.
Betaab Valley: Named after the Bollywood movie Betaab, this valley is known for its lush landscape, clear streams, and scenic surroundings. It is a must-visit destination for nature lovers and photographers.
Aru Valley: Situated about 12 km from Pahalgam, Aru Valley is known for its tranquil beauty, charming villages, and adventure activities such as trekking and skiing.
Lidder Valley: Encompassing the Lidder River, this valley offers pristine beauty and opportunities for fishing, rafting, and camping amidst the serene environment.
Tarsar-Marsar Valley: Known for its alpine lakes, Tarsar and Marsar, this valley is a paradise for trekkers, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and meadows.
Gurez Valley: Located near the Line of Control, this remote valley is known for its unspoiled beauty, rich culture, and the Kishanganga River that flows through it.
Sonamarg Valley: Famous for its golden meadows, Sonamarg serves as the base for treks to the Amarnath Cave and the Thajiwas Glacier, offering mesmerizing views of the Himalayas.
द रेजिस्टेंस फ्रंट (TRF):
समाचार में क्यों ? पहलगाम, जम्मू और कश्मीर में स्थित बैसारन घाटी, जिसे अपनी सुंदर घास के मैदानों के लिए “मिनी स्विट्जरलैंड” कहा जाता है, एक आतंकवादी हमले से तबाह हो गई, जिसमें 26 लोग मारे गए, जिनमें पर्यटक, एक नौसेना अधिकारी और विदेशी नागरिक शामिल थे।
पाकिस्तान आधारित लश्कर-ए-तैयबा (LeT) के प्रॉक्सी संगठन द रेजिस्टेंस फ्रंट (TRF) ने इस हमले की जिम्मेदारी ली।
द रेजिस्टेंस फ्रंट (TRF) के बारे में:
TRF जम्मू और कश्मीर में सक्रिय एक उग्रवादी संगठन है, जिसे भारत ने आतंकवादी समूह घोषित किया है। नीचे इसका इतिहास, उद्देश्य, सक्रिय क्षेत्र और संबंधित समूहों का संक्षिप्त अवलोकन दिया गया है।
इतिहास:
मुख्य घटनाएँ:
अप्रैल 2020: कुपवाड़ा के केरन सेक्टर में नियंत्रण रेखा (LoC) के पास चार दिन की मुठभेड़ में पांच भारतीय पैराकमांडो और पांच TRF आतंकवादियों के मारे जाने के बाद चर्चा में आया।
2020-2022: TRF ने कई हमलों की जिम्मेदारी ली, जिनमें नागरिकों (कश्मीरी पंडितों, हिंदुओं, सिखों और मुस्लिमों), सुरक्षा बलों और राजनीतिक हस्तियों को निशाना बनाया गया।
जनवरी 2023: भारत ने TRF को गैरकानूनी गतिविधि (निवारण) अधिनियम (UAPA) के तहत प्रतिबंधित किया और इसके कमांडर शेख सज्जाद गुल को आतंकवादी घोषित किया।
2024-2025: उल्लेखनीय हमलों में अक्टूबर 2024 का गंदरबल हमला (एक डॉक्टर और छह प्रवासी मजदूरों की हत्या) और अप्रैल 2025 का पहलगाम हमला (26 पर्यटकों की हत्या) शामिल हैं।
उद्देश्य:
सक्रिय क्षेत्र:
प्राथमिक क्षेत्र: जम्मू और कश्मीर, विशेष रूप से कश्मीर घाटी और जम्मू क्षेत्र। प्रमुख जिले शामिल हैं:
अनंतनाग: 2023 में सुरक्षा कर्मियों की हत्या जैसे हमले।
कुपवाड़ा: 2020 के केरन सेक्टर संघर्ष के लिए उल्लेखनीय।
पुलवामा: 2023 में कश्मीरी पंडित संजय शर्मा की लक्षित हत्या।
गंदरबल: 2024 में एक निर्माण स्थल पर हमला।
पहलगाम: 2025 में पर्यटकों पर हमला।
रियासी: 2024 में तीर्थयात्रियों की बस पर हमला।
सोपोर और श्रीनगर: भर्ती और नागरिकों व पुलिस पर हमले।
सीमा-पार संचालन: TRF पर नियंत्रण रेखा के पार से घुसपैठ, हथियार तस्करी और नशीले पदार्थों की तस्करी का आरोप है।
ऑनलाइन उपस्थिति: पाकिस्तान, विशेष रूप से कराची से जुड़े प्रचार चैनल संचालित करता है।
बैसारन घाटी और कश्मीर की संबंधित घाटियों के बारे में:
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