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Consider the following statements about Thucydides’s Trap:

1. The term originates from the ancient Greek historian Thucydides, who explained the inevitability of the Peloponnesian War due to Athens’ rise and Sparta’s fear.
2. Graham Allison’s Harvard study found that in 16 historical cases of rising vs. ruling powers, 12 resulted in war.
3. The US–China rivalry today reflects Thucydides’s Trap through economic competition, technological decoupling, and military flashpoints in the Indo-Pacific.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the Hesaraghatta Grassland Conservation Reserve (GHGCR):

1. Grasslands in India are often misclassified as “wastelands” in land records, making them vulnerable to diversion for industrial or recreational use.
2. Unscientific afforestation by planting trees in grasslands can harm biodiversity and groundwater recharge, instead of improving ecological health.
3. The recent notification of GHGCR legally equates grasslands with forests in ecological value and permanently halts projects like the proposed Film City.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to Uttar Pradesh Diwas 2026 and the state’s economic transformation, consider the following statements:

1. The theme of UP Diwas 2026 was “Viksit Bharat – Viksit Uttar Pradesh”.
2. The initiative One District, One Cuisine (ODOC) was launched to highlight the industrial products of each district.
3. Uttar Pradesh’s Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) in FY 2025–26 was announced at approximately 30.8 trillion, contributing ~9% to India’s GDP.

Which of the statements given above is NOT correct?

With reference to the 86th All India Presiding Officers’ Conference (AIPOC) held in Lucknow in January 2026, consider the following statements:

1. The conference was inaugurated by the President of India at the Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha.
2. Uttar Pradesh has hosted the AIPOC four times, including in 1961, 1985, 2015, and 2026.
3. One of the key resolutions adopted was the creation of a National Legislative Index (NLI) to rank State Legislatures.

Which of the statements given above is NOT correct?